1 2588-3712 159 Special Frequency of anxiety and its relation with depression and other individual ‎characteristics in nursing students Ghasemnegad Seyedeh Madineh Barchordary Masumeh 1 10 2012 22 2 0 0 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 Introduction: Anxiety is among the most prevalent mental disorder which people in any society ‎may encounter. This vague and uncomfortable feeling may affect all aspects of one's life and also ‎can accompany unlimited number of disorders such as depression. ‎ Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anxiety in college students and ‎its relation with depression and other personal characteristics. ‎  Methods: This is a descriptive co- relational study. The study population included all nursing ‎college students of Azad university of Lahijan and East Guilan Nursing &Midwifery Faculty from ‎which ‎‏150‏‎ students were randomly selected. Data collection instrument consisted of a ‎questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics such as Chi-square and ‎Fisher's test by SPSS software. ‎ Results: This study included ‎‏121‏‎ female and ‎‏29‏‎ male students. Results showed that ‎‏%68‏‎ of college ‎students were anxious and in regard to depression, ‎‏52%‏‎ showed no sign of depression. Results ‎showed significant relationship between anxiety and depression (p<‎‏0.05‏‎), also between anxiety and ‎depression and sex, marital status, satisfaction with major, positive attitude of family to major, well ‎fair and family history of depression (p<‎‏0.05‏‎). But there was no significant relationship between ‎anxiety and depression with age, place of living and living parents. ‎ Conclusion: According to research results, it seems more focus must be on this population and ‎favorable condition should be provided for their success in education. Anxiety and depression can ‎influence college students’ functions in various aspects of personality and social life. ‎
153 Special Hemodynamic changes and related factors in patients undergoing coronary artery ‎bypass grafting surgery Ahmadi Nezam Reza Masouleh Shadman Shekani Zhila Kazem Nezhad Leili Ehsan 1 10 2012 22 2 1 10 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 Introduction: Coronary artery diseases are the primary and most common cause of death in all ages. ‎Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery as a common treatment intervention is considered ‎necessary in patients with coronary artery disease. Complications may occur during and after ‎‎(CABG) surgery. Among major complications are hemodynamic changes after surgery which is still ‎an important matter. ‎  Objective: The aim of this study is to determine level of hemodynamic‏ ‏changes after coronary ar-‎tery bypass grafting and its related factors in patients undergoing CABG admitted to post cardiac ‎intensive care unit and the effect of related factors on severity and weakness of complications. ‎ Methods: In this descriptive cross – sectional study, ‎‏288‏‎ (CABG) patients who had coronary artery ‎bypass grafting (CABG) and admitted to the post cardiac intensive care unit in Dr. Heshmat educa-‎tional-therapeutic hospital in Rasht were selected by sequential sampling method and studied using ‎questionnaire. Statistical analysis performed with appropriate tests chi square test, fisher exact test ‎and logistic regression and correlations between dependent and independent variables were identi-‎fied.‎  Results: According to the research findings, ‎‏36%‏‎ of patients after surgery had systolic blood pres-‎sure changes out of normal range, ‎‏49%‏‎ had diastolic blood pressure changes, ‎‏65%‏‎ heart beat ‎changes, and ‎‏34%‏‎ had central venous pressure changes out of normal limits. A significant relation-‎ship was observed between interfering factors such as Body Mass Index, ejection fraction, history ‎of Myocardial- infraction, number of grafts, duration of the connection to ventilator, duration of ‎cardiopulmonary machine use, duration of aorta clamp, hypothermia, and level of hemoglobin and ‎hematocrit with hemodynamic variables. ‎ Conclusion: The research findings may be considered in planning for prevention, diagnosis and ‎early treatment of any possible complications, consequently the quality of care for CABG patient ‎will improve.‎ 154 Special Determining the Research Needs of Social Insurer: Using Analytical Hierarchy ‎Process (AHP)‎ Bahadori Mohammad Karim Mehrabian Fardin 1 10 2012 22 2 11 17 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 Introduction: Research conducted without any need assessment not only helps solve problems but ‎also increase the current problems and result in waste of limited resources.  ‎ Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the research needs of a social insurer ‎organization based on their managers' attitude.‎ Methods: This is a mixed and cross-sectional study that was conducted in ‎‏2011‏‎. A purposeful ‎sample of ‎‏11‏‎ participants from social insurer organization in Iran was selected. Data gathering was ‎done using interview and analysis of data was conducted using Atlas.Ti ‎‏5.0‏‎ software. Also, the ‎topics were prioritized using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method through Expert ‎Choice ‎‏11.0‏‎ ‎‏ ‏software.‎  Results: Titles of “Design of strategic planning,” “Pathology of structure,” and “Evaluation of ‎family physician and referral system” with scores of ‎‏0.96‏‎, ‎‏0.85‏‎, and ‎‏0.82‏‎, respectively earned the ‎priority of one to three.‎ Conclusion: Since the resources are limited and needs are unlimited, in order to prevent research ‎resource wasting in insurance organization, resources must be prioritized and this can assist ‎organization achieving their goals.‎ 155 Special The effect of stretching together aerobic exercises on fatigue level in multiple sclerosis ‎patients refer to MS society of Iran those suffer from fatigue Pazokian Marzieh Shaban Marzieh Zakerimoghdam Masumeh Mehran Abbas Sanglaje Bahram 1 10 2012 22 2 18 24 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 Introduction: Multiple sclerosis disease is the result of delimitation of central nervous system which ‎can harm fatigue is among the most common symptom of Multiple Sclerosis. Although exercise is ‎administered to Multiple Sclerosis patients, comparison type of exercise on the fatigue level has not ‎been established.‎ Objective: This research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of stretching with aerobic on ‎fatigue levels in Multiple Sclerosis patients.‎ Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, sample included ‎‏80‏‎ MS patients referring to MS society ‎in Tehran who were chosen by simple sampling according to inclusion criteria and were randomly ‎divided into two groups (stretching with aerobics and control group). Data gathering tool included ‎a two part questionnaire covering demographic variables, disease related information and fatigue ‎severity scales (FSS). Exercise was done for six weeks (‎‏18‏‎ sessions) and immediately after sessions ‎completed, fatigue severity was measured by FSS. The gathered data was analyzed using statistical ‎method: chi-square, paired& independent T, Analysis of covariance by SPSS software.‎ Results: Findings showed severe fatigue (‎‏35%‏‎), moderate and slight fatigue (‎‏12.5%‏‎) before ‎stretching and aerobics. But most samples (‎‏92.5%‏‎) had slight fatigue after stretching and aerobics ‎and in control group most samples (‎‏40%‏‎) remained in the state of before study. The Independent T-‎Test showed a significant difference between two groups' severity of fatigue (P<‎‏0.001‏‎). ‎  Conclusion: Aerobics with stretching is very effective in reducing fatigue. Perhaps aerobics with ‎stretching in addition to increasing energy relieves muscle spasms and decreases harm and also ‎increases flexibility and decreases fatigue. ‎ 157 Special Relationship between spouse abuse, social support and perceived stress in women with ‎addicted and non-addicted husbands in Rasht city Sotodeh Navroi Seyed Omid Zeinali Shina Khasteganan Nooshin 1 10 2012 22 2 25 32 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 Introduction: Spouse abuse is a major human health and lawful problem and it refers to any violent ‎sex related behavior that results in women’s physical, sexual and mental suffering. In attention that ‎spouse abuse has complications and unsatisfactory social and family outcomes, it is necessary to ‎identify factors which hinder family function. ‎ Objective: The study assessed and compared the relationship between spouse abuse, social support ‎and perceived stress in women with addicted and non-addicted husbands in Rasht city.‎  Method: This is a descriptive analytical study. The sample consisted of ‎‏100‏‎ women (‎‏50‏‎ with ‎addicted husbands and ‎‏50‏‎ with non-addicted husbands) who were selected by convenience ‎sampling and answered the questionnaires of perceived stress, social support, and spouse abuse. The ‎data was analyzed using statistical tests of independent T test, and correlation. ‎ Result: The analyzed data showed that there was a significant difference between variables of ‎spouse abuse and its subscales ( physical, emotional, sexual, behavioral), social support, perceived ‎stress, and its subscales(tangible support, emotional support, giving information, kindness, social ‎interaction and total perceived stress score) in women with addicted and non-addicted husbands ‎‎(p<‎‏0.01‏‎).‎ Conclusion: The results showed that the amount of social support, perceived stress and spouse ‎abuse is different between women with addicted husbands and women with non-addicted ‎husbands. Therefore, training programs are more required for making a supportive environment to ‎reduce vulnerability and damage on families with addicted individuals. ‎ 158 Special Effect of regular exercise on methods of problem centered stress coping mechanism Dehghani Hakimeh Farmanbar Rabiollah Pakseresht Sedigheh Kazem Nezhad Leili Ehsan 1 10 2012 22 2 33 39 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 Introduction‏: ‏College students continuously confront stresses and psycho environmental pressures ‎such as educational, family, social and economic problems. It is obvious that outcome of stress ‎affects their educational functioning and mental health. And for this reason they use methods to ‎confront stress in order to decrease its effect. An influential factor modifying stress and stress ‎coping mechanism is regular physical activity. ‎ Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the effect of regular exercise activity on ‎methods of problem centered coping mechanism in nursing students of Guilan University of ‎Medical Sciences.‎  ‎ Methods: This is an interventional study of randomized controlled trial. In this study, ‎‏76‏‎ students ‎eligible for the study were chosen and assigned by systematic random sampling into case and ‎control groups. The case group performed intervention program (‎‏6‏‎-week exercise) but control group ‎received no intervention. Methods of coping were examined in both groups before and after ‎intervention using WCQ instrument. Data were analyzed using SPSS version ‎‏16‏‎ and descriptive ‎statistics (Frequency, Mean and Standard deviation) and analytical statistics (Paired and ‎Independent T) with significant level of P<‎‏0.05‏‎.‎  Results: Findings showed no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, marital ‎status, place of living, mothers’ education level, fathers’ and mothers’ job, family level of income, ‎and number of family members, but there was a significant difference between year of entrance and ‎level of education. In addition findings showed a significant difference between problem-centered ‎coping method before and after intervention in experiment group.‎ Conclusion: Regular exercises affects problem-centered stress coping mechanism and decrease ‎negative outcomes of stress and have an important role on maintenance of students' mental health.‎ 160 Special Perceived pain management quality in patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft ‎surgery Moghaddas Tahereh Baghaei Lakeh Mojgan Sedghi Sabet Mitra Kazem Nezhad Leili Ehsan 1 10 2012 22 2 48 55 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 Introduction: Pain management after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery (CABG) is an ‎important nursing care which can result in faster recovery and patient satisfaction. ‎ Objective: The aim of study was to determine post CABG patients’ perception on pain management ‎quality.‎ Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on ‎‏108‏‎ CABG patients, who were chosen by ‎sequential sampling method in Rasht. The instrument was a ‎‏3‏‎-part questionnaire consisted of ‎demographic information, pain management and satisfaction. Data were gathered by observing the ‎patient's charts and interview. Data were analyzed using Anova, Spearrman, T-test and Wilcoxon ‎by SPSS ‎‏16‏‎ software. ‎ Results: The mean and SD of patient perception on pain care was ‎‏3.56±0.84‏‎ which indicates need ‎for special attention. This data was directly significant with age above ‎‏70‏‎ years (P<‎‏0.022‏‎), female ‎sexuality (P<‎‏0.001‏‎), widow patient (P<‎‏0.025‏‎) and without surgery history (P<‎‏0.001‏‎). Patient's ‎satisfaction of pain management was ‎‏8.4±1.68‏‎ that male patient (P<‎‏0.015‏‎) and read & write level of ‎education (P<‎‏0.032‏‎) have higher mean satisfaction of pain management.‎ Conclusion: Partially low mean of perceived post CABG pain management highlights the need of ‎planning for improving personal and organizational aspect of pain management, especially in married ‎men and with no history of surgery. ‎ Key words: Pain. Patient satisfaction, Inpatient, Coronary artery bypass 161 Special Qualitative research methodology: phenomenology Emami Sigaroodi Abdolhosein Dehghan Nayeri Nahid Rahnavard Zahra Nori Saeed Ali 1 10 2012 22 2 56 63 02 08 2014 02 08 2014 There are two qualitative and quantitative research paradigms in the methodological debates. Phenomenological approach is one of the most important methods in the qualitative researches. ‎Depending on researcher’s view on study phenomenon, this approach is divided into two main ‎methods of descriptive and interpretive. Despite the many similarities between the two methods, ‎there are differences that understanding them helps the researcher on proper choice of the two ‎phenomenology methods for different areas.‎ Therefore, this article tries while passing on the philosophical origins of phenomenology clarifies ‎applied features of both descriptive and interpretive approach.‎