@article{ author = {AfsharMohammadian, Marzieh and Farmanbar, Rabiollah and Moghadamnia, Mohammad Taghi and Kazemnejad, Ehsan and Salari, Arsal}, title = {Survey the effect of bed-rest and sandbag on hematoma and hemorrhage after ‎coronary angiography}, abstract ={Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading major causes of death in the world. ‎Coronary angiography is the most important routine diagnostic procedure for coronary artery ‎disease.‎ Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of bed-rest duration time and sandbag ‎time on hematoma and hemorrhage after coronary angiography.‎ Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial. Patients undergoing nonemergency ‎angiography via the femoral artery are randomly assigned into intervention (‎‏65‏‎ patients) or ‎control group (‎‏65‏patients). The patients in the intervention group are allowed to be out of bed ‎after ‎‏4‏‎ hours. The sand bags are taken off two hours later. The patients in the control group ‎received routine care. Hematoma and hemorrhage were measured at regular intervals after the ‎procedure.‎  Results: In intervention group bleeding occurred in one patient in four hour and one patient ‎immediately after coming to ward in control group. In intervention group hematoma occurred ‎in one patient in two hour and in control group one patient in one and two hours and two ‎patients in four hours. The Chi square test showed no statistically significant difference ‎between groups.‎  Conclusion: This study showed no relationship between increased chance of hematoma and ‎hemorrhage and bed-rest for four hours and sandbag applied for two hours in patients ‎undergoing angiography. ‎}, Keywords = {Coronary Angiography, Bed-rest, Hemorrhage, Hematoma}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-180-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-180-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Dehghani, Maryam and Chehrzad, Minoo Mitra and JafariAsl, Masumeh and Soleimani, Robabeh and KazemNejadLeili, Ehs}, title = {Survey the satisfaction with body image and its related factors in female ‎adolescents in high schools in Rasht city in ‎‏2010‏}, abstract ={Introduction: Adolescence is an important period of cognitive occupancy with body image ‎because in addition to sexual attraction, body also experiences appearance‏ ‏changes.‎  Objective: This study aims to determine the satisfaction with body image female adolescents ‎in high school in Rasht city in ‎‏2010‏‎.‎  Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study on ‎‏450‏‎ high school females in Rasht city ‎chosen by random cluster sampling in the ‎‏2010‏‎. Data were collected using Multidimensional ‎Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance scale‏)‏MBSRQ-AS) including‏ ‏four domains: ‎appearance evaluation‏)‏AE), appearance orientation (AO), body areas satisfaction (BASS), ‎overweight preoccupation (OWPREOC)‎‏ ‏was completed and data were analyzed using SPSS ‎software version ‎‏16‏‎, and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.‎  Results: Mean satisfaction with body image in domains of appearance orientation (‎‏49.2±4.85‏‎) appearance ‎evaluation (‎‏23‏‎.‎‏75‏‎±‎‏3‏‎.‎‏82‏‎) and body areas satisfaction‏ ‏‎(‎‏36‏‎.‎‏31‏‎±‎‏6‏‎.‎‏33‏‎) were high and in overweight preoccupation ‎domain(‎‏17‏‎.‎‏27±4‏‎.‎‏82‏‎) was low.‎  Conclusion: Female adolescents in high school of Rasht city, beside appearance orientation ‎were satisfied with body image in appearance evaluation, body areas satisfaction and ‎overweight preoccupation domains. ‎}, Keywords = {Personal satisfaction, Body Image, Female, Adolescent ‎}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {7-12}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-181-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-181-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Rostamnia, Lili and Paryad, Ezzat and KazemNejadLeili, Ehsan and Pasha, Afsaneh}, title = {Survey nurses’ collaboration in clinical decision making}, abstract ={Introduction: Nurses are the largest care delivering group. They have to judge in clinical ‎setting and by team work detect and solve patients’ problem in nursing function domains. ‎Collaboration in decision making helps this function. ‎  Objective: Present study aims to determine the level of nurses’ collaboration in clinical ‎decision making employed in educational health care centers in Rasht city. ‎  Methods: The population of this cross sectional study was nurses’ employed in educational ‎health care centers in Rasht city and ‎‏193‏‎ nurses were chosen by stratified random sampling. ‎They took part in this study by filling a two part questionnaire containing demographic data, ‎and collaboration in raising the issue and clarifying the problem in clinical decision making. ‎Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics such as c‏2‏‎ and Fisher exact test. ‎Data was analyzed using SPSS version‏16‏‎.‎ Result: In the view of most nurses their collaboration in clarifying the problem in clinical ‎decision was satisfactory.‎  Conclusion: Factors such as long working experience, high level of education and managerial ‎role can help increase nurses’ collaboration in raising the issue and clarifying the problem in ‎clinical decision making.‎}, Keywords = {Cooperative Behavior, Decision making, Nursing Staff, Hospital}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {13-19}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-182-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-182-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Shahnazdoust, Masoumeh and Maghsoudi, Shahrokh and Tabari, Rasool and KazemNejadLeili, Ehs}, title = {Level of burnout in nurses and its related factors in Medical Educational ‎Hospitals in Rasht in ‎‏2010‏}, abstract ={Introduction: Burnout is a specific kind of occupational stress among human service ‎profession like nursing. It is characterized by feeling emotional exhaustion, depersonalization ‎and reduced personal accomplishment. ‎  Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the Level of burnout in nurses and its ‎related factors in Medical Educational Hospitals in Rasht in ‎‏1389‏‎. ‎  Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, samples were chosen by random ‎classification. Sample consisted of ‎‏257‏‎ nurses from eight medical educational hospitals. ‎Instrument used was the standard Maslach burnout inventory. T- test, chi-square test , exact ‎fisher test and logistic regression were used for data analysis. ‎  Results: Emotional exhaustion was low in (‎‏%51.4‏‎) and it was moderate to high in (‎‏%48.6‏‎), ‎depersonalization was low in (‎‏%94.2‏‎) and it was moderate to high in (‎‏%5/8‏‎), reduced ‎accomplishment was low in ‎‏%33/9‏‎ and it was moderate to high in (‎‏%66.1‏‎). There was positive ‎correlation between dialysis unit and depersonalization and a negative correlation was shown ‎between age and depersonalization.‎ Conclusion: Findings indicated that nursing managers can increase organizational support and ‎prevent nursing burnout to make high level of‏ ‏nursing care and job satisfaction.‎}, Keywords = {‎: Nursing Staff , Hospital, Burnout, Profession ‎}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {20-27}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-183-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-183-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Sheikholeslami, Farzaneh and RezaMasouleh, Shadman and Khodadadi, Naeema and Yazdani, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Loneliness and general health of elderly}, abstract ={Introduction: In recent years attention to elderly is progressing rapidly in countries. Special ‎attention to their mental and physical need is necessary. Loneliness may occur in all age ‎groups, but this is more a problem peculiar to the elderly. Loneliness is a complex concept, ‎specially affecting the psychosocial well-being of the elderly. The feelings of loneliness have ‎serious consequence on the health of older adults.‎ Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine loneliness and general health of ‎members of the elderly pensioners association of Gilan University of Medical Science in ‎Rasht.‎ Methods: This study was a descriptive– correlational research. Sampling performed, through ‎easy sampling method. ‎‏100‏‎ members of pensioners association from both gender (female and ‎male) took part in the study. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire consisted of three ‎parts. Part one was about demographic data, part two about loneliness that was measured by ‎the UCLA loneliness scale, and part three was general health status with ‎‏28‏‎ questions. Data ‎were analyzed by descriptive-analytical methods, using SPSS ‎‏16‏‎.‎ Results: In this study it was found that married elderly people (p<‎‏0.02‏‎) who were satisfied ‎with living area (p<‎‏0.045‏‎) felt less lonely than others. According to the results of this study ‎the elderly who defined their general health status as good felt less lonely (p<‎‏0.00‏‎).‎ Conclusion: It was demonstrated that loneliness is an important factor decreasing general ‎health and therefore, early identification of loneliness may help maintain the general health of ‎older adults. Health care professionals should be alert to the association of loneliness and ‎adverse health outcomes.‎}, Keywords = {Loneliness, general health, elderly}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {28-34}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Ghavi, Arezoo and FadakarSogheh, Kolsum and Niknami, Maryam and KazemnejadLeili, Ehs}, title = {Survey associated maternal‏ ‏Factors with low-weight infants in Women referred ‎to health centers in Rasht}, abstract ={Introduction: Low birth weight‏ ‏is‏ ‏considered one of the‏ ‏world's most serious‏ ‏health problems‏ ‏that‏ ‏put tremendous pressure on health care‏ ‏system‏ ‏and‏ ‏family. Maternal‏ ‏lifestyle‏ ‏during ‎pregnancy‏ ‏among‏ ‏maternal‏ ‏factors associated‏ ‏with‏ ‏low‏ ‏weight has the most important role on ‎birth weight.‎ Methods: This research‏ ‏is‏ ‏a‏ ‏Cross-sectional study. Subjects included‏ 83 ‏mothers who referred ‎to the health-care centers and had‏ ‏underweight infants (‎‏2500‏‎ gram or less). Questionnaires ‎were completed from maternal‏ ‏health‏ ‏records and organized‏ ‏interview with‏ ‏mothers. ‎ Results: Research‏ ‏results‏ ‏showed‏ ‏that significant relationship between type of treatment and ‎low‏ ‏birth‏ ‏weight‏ ‏‎(p<‎‏0/008‏‎). Among the‏ ‏problems of‏ ‏pregnancy, having nausea‏ ‏and‏ ‏vomiting‏ ‏were‏ ‏most‏ ‏associated‏ ‏with‏ ‏low‏ ‏birth‏ ‏weight (p<‎‏0/027‏‎).‎  Conclusion: In attention to maternal factors associated to infant low birth weight, the role‏ ‏of‏ ‏health care personnel in increasing‏ ‏public awareness regarding paying more attention to ‎pregnant women during pregnancy‏ ‏is‏ ‏important in prevention of‏ ‏low birth weight in infants.‎}, Keywords = {Infant, low birth weight, mothers, pregnancy}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {35-39}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Mosazadeh, Somayeh and KhaleghdoostMohammadi, Tahereh and Hasavari, Farideh and KazemNejadLeili, Ehs}, title = {Study the chance of respiratory aspiration in intermittent bolus tube feeding in ‎ICU and Trauma ward patients}, abstract ={Introduction: Bowel feeding is an effective and safe method for patients who are admitted to ‎intensive care wards but despite its many benefits has side effects such as respiratory ‎aspiration. Pneumonia caused by aspiration is responsible for ‎‏15-20%‏‎ of hospital infections, ‎‏24%‏‎ increase in length of hospitalization, and ‎‏39%‏‎ increase of expenses. It is one of the ten ‎reasons of death in USA that can be prevented by appropriate method of feeding. ‎ Objective: This study aims to determine the chance of respiratory aspiration in intermittent ‎bolus tube feeding in patients admitted to ICU and trauma wards.‎  Methods: In this quasi- experimental study ‎‏36‏‎ patients admitted to ICU and trauma wards ‎were fed by intermittent tube bolus method, for ‎‏3‏‎ days. Each time ‎‏150-300‏cc food liquid was ‎administered for ‎‏7‏‎ times a day every ‎‏3‏‎ hours to patients with a ‎‏60‏‎ cc syringe in ‎‏10-15‏‎ minutes. ‎In order to measure the respiratory aspiration, ‎‏0.5‏‎ cc methylen blue ‎‏1%‏‎ was added to ‎‏500‏‎ cc ‎of each meal. In case of patient's need for suction, when the blue color of methylen blue was ‎observed in patients secretion they appeared to have respiratory aspiration.‎ Results: Data analysis showed that respiratory aspiration occurrence in bolus method was ‎‏5.6%‏‎. ‎ Conclusion: According to results, it is obvious that bolus method as mentioned in texts is still ‎the standard method and risk of respiratory aspiration decreases if it is used properly. ‎}, Keywords = {Respiratory aspiration, Tube feeding, Intermittent bolus method}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {40-46}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-186-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-186-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Pourmemari, Mohammad Hossein and RabieSiahkali, Soheila and Bagheri, Hossein and Taghiloo, GholamAli and Eskandari, Fereydoo}, title = {Epidemiologic variables in Multiple sclerosis patients in Zanjan}, abstract ={Introduction: After trauma, multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of disability in ‎young adults. Epidemiologic findings provide health care managers with vast information.‎  Objective: Study was designed to determine some of the Epidemiologic variables in MS ‎Patients in Zanjan hospitals in ‎‏2007‏‎. ‎ Methods: In this descriptive study, all ‎‏96‏‎ MS patients were chosen and data were collected ‎by phone and a questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, history of MS in ‎family members, age of first admission, chief compliant, number and season of admission, ‎total cost of hospitalization and use of Avonex and Rebife at home.‎ Results: Mean age of samples was ‎‏33.5‏‎ years and duration of illness was ‎‏6.2‏‎ years. Majority ‎‎(‎‏66.6%‏‎) was female, married (‎‏77.8%‏‎), lived in Zanjan city (‎‏72.9%‏‎), owned house (‎‏74%‏‎), ‎unemployed (‎‏74%‏‎) and had familial history of MS (‎‏7.3%‏‎). The ratio of disease in women to men ‎was ‎‏2.7‏‎ to ‎‏1‏‎. Treatment cost in ‎‏46.9%‏‎ of samples was between ‎‏100-250‏‎ thousands Tomans and ‎‏34.4%‏‎ use medications such as Avonex and Rebife. ‎ Conclusion: MS is not uncommon in Zanjan. In order to improve the lives of these patients, ‎more comprehensive information regarding their clinical and demographic aspects are needed. ‎}, Keywords = {Multiple Sclerosis, Epidemiology, Disability}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-187-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-187-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Khodadadi, Naeima and GhanbariKhanghah, Atefeh and Salamikohan, Kobra and Moghadamnia, Mohammad Taghi and Chehrzad, Minoo Mitra and Mirhaghjoo, Seyedeh Noshaz}, title = {Deperssion after traffic –accident in Poursina educational- threaputic‏ ‏center ‎}, abstract ={Introduction: Post traffic accident depression is one of the most prevelant mental disorders ‎which increased in recent years and its occurance in early years of life affects daily living ‎productivity and also family and society. Therefore it’s important to promptly detect it and ‎refers them to psychiatrist for diagnosis and treatment. ‎  Objevtive: The goal of this study was to determine the level of depression one week and also ‎two months after traffic accidents.  ‎ Methods: This study had descriptive-cross stional design.‎‏ ‏Participants were chosen from ‎orthopaedic and trauma wards in Poursina hospital in Rasht city. Data were collected in two ‎time periods (one week and two months after the traffic accident ) from ‎‏89‏‎ patients using ‎demographic and Beck Depression Inventory questionnaires. Data were collected in ‎‏2010‏‎ and ‎T- test was used as statistical test for analysis.‎ Results: Findings showed that the majority(‎‏37‏‎.‎‏1‏‎%) had mild depression one week after the ‎accident but the level of depression significantly increased two months after as ‎‏38‏‎.‎‏5‏‎% of ‎samples had severe depression. ‎ Conclusion: Study results indicated that a significant percent of patients experience ‎depression after traffic accident which is related to symptoms two months after. Health care ‎personnel in emergency and other wards need to assess patients for these symptoms. Early ‎detection and referring patients for depression treatment can prevent it from becoming ‎chronic.‎}, Keywords = {Post troumatic‏ ‏Stress Disorder, Depression, Traffic accidents, Trauma}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {7-12}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-188-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-188-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Khamseh, Feryal and Roohi, Hadi and Ebaady, Abbas and Hajiamini, Zahra and Salimi, Hasan and Radfar, Shokoufeh}, title = {Survey Relationship between demographic factors and stress, anxiety and ‎depression in nurses working in selected hospitals in Tehran city ‎}, abstract ={Introduction: Nowadays, emotional reactions such as stress, anxiety and depression are ‎known as inseparable component of modern nursing, which cause problems for nurses and ‎patients. ‎ Objective: This study aims to determine the level of depression, anxiety and stress in nurses in ‎selected educational hospitals affiliated to a chosen university in Tehran city. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, ‎‏413‏‎ employed nurses in educational hospitals ‎affiliated to a selected university were chosen and a two part questionnaire was used which ‎included demographic characteristics and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale questionnaire.‎  ‎ Results: Study findings showed that ‎‏25‏‎.‎‏8%‏‎ of nurses suffered depression, ‎‏21‏‎.‎‏6%‏‎ had anxiety ‎and‏47‏‎.‎‏6%‏‎ had stress. Results showed significant relationship between depression, anxiety and ‎nurses’ marital status (P<‎‏0.05‏‎) and also a meaningful relation was shown between level of ‎depression, stress and gender (P<‎‏0.05‏‎).‎ Conclusion: In attention to study findings, it can be concluded that presence of job and ‎environmental related stress factors in university increases emotional reactions such as ‎depression, anxiety and stress. Since nurses have important role in health promotion, ‎eliminating ground factors is a priority. ‎}, Keywords = {Nurse, Job Stress, Depression, Anxiety}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {13-21}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-189-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-189-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Khoshbakht, Maryam and BaghaieLakeh, Mojgan and Hasavari, Farideh and Kazemnejadleili, Ehsan and Blourchian, Mehdi}, title = {Evaluation of Body posture Ergonomyic during work in intensive care units ‎nurses in teaching hospitals of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in Rasht city ‎in ‎‏2010‏}, abstract ={Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders, with their high incidence, especially in ‎jobs with activities such as patient change position, have attracted specialists’ attention to ‎ergonomic science for nurses. ‎ Objective: This research was conducted with the aim of evaluation of nurses’ body posture ‎ergonomic during work with patients change of position in intensive care units.‎  Methods: This descriptive analytic-cross sectional study was conducted on ‎‏91‏‎ ICU nurses and ‎data were gathered using a two-part tool consisting demographic data and REBA worksheet.‎‏ ‏Data were gathered by self-report(for demographic data) and observation(for environmental ‎factors and REBA) and descriptive and analytical tests were used data analysis using ‎SPSS‏17‏software.‎ Results: This survey showed that REBA score in the majority of intensive care units nurses ‎‎(‎‏77‏‎.‎‏7%‏‎) was ‎‏4-7‏‎(medium risk with necessary need to change). The most ergonomic problem ‎with level of moderate or more was seen in wrist area. Unfortunately, only ‎‏19‏‎.‎‏4‏‎% of samples ‎had desirable ergonomic posture that had significant relationship with sample's work position ‎‎(P>‎‏0‏‎.‎‏007‏‎) and less work experience years in ICU(P>‎‏0‏‎.‎‏0001‏‎). ‎  Conclusion: In attention to unsatisfactory ergonomic in more than ‎‏80‏‎% of nurses while ‎changing patients’ position, it is necessery to pay more attention and determine effective ‎factors and necessery plans to improve body ergonomic to improve body posture and finally ‎decrease injuries in nurses.‎}, Keywords = {Ergonomic, Body posture, Intensive Care Unite, Nurse}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {22-29}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Rahnavard, Farnaz and RezaMasouleh, Shadman and SeyedFazelpour, Seyedeh Fatemeh and KazemnejadLeili, Ehs}, title = {Study Factors related to report the needle stick and sharps injuries report by ‎nursing staffs of the Educational and Therapeutic Centers of Guilan University of ‎Medical Sciences, Rasht}, abstract ={Introduction: Blood born infectious diseases (HBV, HCV and HIV) are common ‎occupational hazards which threaten medical workers‏.‏‎ Sharps and needle stick injuries are ‎common problems for nurses at work places but sometimes these injuries remain unreported.‎  Objective: The main objective of this research is to identify the factors related to report the ‎needle stick and sharps injuries among nursing staffs.‎ Methods: In this cross-sectional-descriptive and analytical study,‎‏ 500‏‎ nursing staffs of the ‎educational and therapeutic centers in Rasht were selected by stratified random sampling ‎method. Data were collected by completing the questionnaire.‎‏ ‏In order to analyze the data we ‎utilized Chi-square, Fisher exact test, Mann Whitney, multiple logistic regression statistical ‎tests.‎‏ ‏We analyzed relationship between independent, dependent and background variables, ‎and related factors on reporting were determined.‎ Results: Findings indicated that from ‎‏386‏‎ nurses (‎‏77.2%‏‎) who experienced the injuries, only‏ ‏‏209‏‎ (‎‏54.1%‏‎) of them reported the accident. Reporting rate was increased ‎‏4.37‏‎ times when ‎recommended by others, awareness of the existence of reporting system (‎‏1.59‏‎ times) and work ‎load (‎‏1.54‏‎ times). Existence of a specific person for reporting decreased the chances of ‎reporting by ‎‏2.3‏‎ times.  ‎ Conclusion: Not-reporting the sharps injuries are an important event for health care workers. ‎Increasing awareness among nurses about risk of exposure and transmission of blood born ‎viral diseases and improvement of infection control services for post exposure follow up can ‎reduce non reporting rate.‎}, Keywords = {Sharps injuries, Needle stick, Nurse}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {30-37}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Ghahramanian, Akram and Heidarzadeh, Mehdi and Rostami, Hossein and Rahimi, Rabee}, title = {Behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Bonab city employees}, abstract ={Introduction:‎‏ ‏Cardiovascular diseases are causes of death in many industrialized countries. ‎This disease is among the most common, serious and deadly diseases in Iran.‎  Objective:‎‏ ‏This study was performed to determine some of the behavioral risk factors ‎associated with cardiovascular diseases in Bonab city staffs. ‎ Methods:‎‏ ‏This study was a cross-sectional study. Research population consisted of all city ‎employees. Cluster sampling method was used and the inclusion criteria were performed. Data ‎of total of ‎‏241‏eligible employees selected were collected by questionnaire which validity and ‎reliability of it was confirmed through content validity and Alpha Cronbach. The data were ‎analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square, t with independent samples)‎‏ ‏in ‎SPSS software.‎  Results:‎‏ ‏The results showed that ‎‏65.2%‏‎ of samples weren’t compliant with specific nutritional ‎principles and the type of oil of consumption was saturated in ‎‏70%‏‎ of samples, ‎‏47.1%‏‎ and ‎‏11%‏‎ ‎of the samples respectively were overweight and obese, ‎‏19.5%‏‎ smokers, ‎‏6.2%‏‎ regularly use ‎bubble and ‎‏49.5%‏‎ had contact with environmental tobacco smoke. ‎‏43.8%‏‎ were not screened for ‎diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and ‎‏54‏‎.‎‏8%‏‎ of them didn’t exercise. Chi-square test showed ‎significant difference between the sexes in the variables of smoking (P=‎‏0.006‏‎), athletic ‎activities (P=‎‏0.001‏‎) and adherence to principles of specific nutrition (P=‎‏0.006‏‎).  Conclusion: In attention to study findings on possible decreasing risk factors and low ‎sensitivity of samples regarding healthy life styles and screening for diabetes and ‎hyperlipidemia, programmed education is necessary to lower risk factors,‎‏ ‏Change knowledge ‎and attitude of people on self health and ultimately correcting life styles.‎}, Keywords = {Cardiovascular Disease, Behavioral Risk Factors, Body Mass Index, Employees}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {38-45}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-192-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-192-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Masoumi, Nasrin and Jafroudi, Shirin and GhanbariKhanghah, Atefeh and KazemnejadLeili, Ehs}, title = {Assessment of retired elderly’s people autonomy and its affecting factors in Rasht}, abstract ={Introduction: In elderly, autonomy is threatened due to physical and mental disability. This ‎disability in activity of daily living is a chronic condition that causes cost disbursement in ‎society and reduce older people’s quality of life. ‎ Objective: The aim of this study is to determine and compare retired elderly’s ability in ‎activity of daily living based on demographic characteristics in Rasht.‎  Methods: This study is a cross- sectional descriptive study that includes ‎‏194‏‎ retired elders in ‎governmental organizations. Data collection is done by Katz questionnaire and for assessment ‎of activity of daily‏ ‏living (ADL) ability and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) ‎Lawton questionnaire was used. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS version ‎‏16‏‎.‎  Results:‎‏ ‏Study results showed that although elderly needed help in activity of daily living ‎such as bathing, walking and appearance conditions but‏ ‏none were in completely dependent ‎group after scoring. In independency domain in instrumental ADL, ‎‏86‏‎.‎‏6‏‎% of them were ‎independent, ‎‏10‏‎.‎‏3‏‎% of them needed help and ‎‏3‏‎.‎‏1‏‎% of them were completely dependent. In ‎demographic characteristics, autonomy in activity of daily living correlates with age, marital ‎status, education and illness.‎ Conclusion: Because of significant correlation between disability in activity of daily living by ‎increasing age, female gender and morbidity, planning for education classes, providing posters ‎and pamphlet based on life style correction and prevention of musculoskeletal diseases is an ‎important step in getting elders to effective and healthy life.‎}, Keywords = {Elderly, Retirement, Activity of daily living ‎}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {46-51}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-193-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-193-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} } @article{ author = {Mirfarhadi, Nastaran and Mousavi, Saghi and Tabari, Rasool and Kazemnejhadleili, Ehs}, title = {Study the role of personal factors on life satisfaction of nurses employed in ‎hospitals affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction: Life satisfaction is primier purpose of human’s life and it provides sufficient ‎basis for progress and confident basis to achieve higher levels. On the other hand, life ‎satisfaction brings out successes. Many studies have shown different factors such as ‎individual factors can affect life satisfaction. In attention to the role of nursing as key member ‎of healthcare, identifying effective factors on their satisfaction can have a direct effect on the ‎quality of healthcare and also on the society.‎  Objective: This study was done to determine the role of personal factors on life satisfaction of ‎nurses employed in hospitals affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences.‎ Methods: In this descriptive-correlated study, ‎‏309‏‎ nurses in eight educational centers in ‎Guilan University of Medical Sciences were selected by stratified sampling and were ‎investigated by a two part questionnaire including life satisfaction index and personal ‎demographics. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics tests (Multiple ‎Regression, Spearman, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis) with SPSS ‎‏16‏‎ software. ‎ Results: Findings of this study shows most of research cases (‎‏79.6%‏‎) are satisfied with their ‎lives and there is a significant relation between life satisfactions with gender (p<‎‏0.01‏‎) and ‎average monthly income (p<‎‏0.008‏‎) while there was no significant relation between life ‎satisfaction with other personal factors (age, level of education, type of employment, position, ‎work experience, ward working, work experience in present ward and work shift). ‎  Conclusion: In attention to findings of study which shows a relative significance of personal ‎factors (gender and mean monthly income) on nurses, life satisfaction, it seems that a plan to ‎increase income can promote nurses’ life satisfaction.‎}, Keywords = {Personal Satisfaction, Life, Nurses}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {52-58}, publisher = {}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2011} }