@article{ author = {BaghaieLakeh, Maryam and BaghaieLakeh, Mojgan and KhaleghdoostMohammad, Tahereh and KazemNezhadLeyli, Ehs}, title = {The Effect of Use of Earplugs on Sleep Quality in Coronary Care Units Patients}, abstract ={Introduction: Sleep deprivation along with subsequent increased blood pressure and heart rate can lead to higher risk among patients admitted to Coronary Care Units (CCUs). Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of use of earplugs on sleep quality and its domains (sleep disturbance, supplementary sleep and the effectiveness of sleep) in CCU patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-over randomized clinical trial study was carried out on 92 CCU patients in 2 groups of A (using earplugs at the first night and no earplugs at the second night) and B (no earplugs at the first night and using earplugs at the second night). Data collection was done using a two-part tool including a researcher-made questionnaire on individual and socio-demographic information related to disease and standard scale of Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale (VSH Sleep Scale). Earning higher scores was described as poor sleep quality in the overall quality of sleep and its domains. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, ANOVA and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) logistic regression. Results: The results revealed that the female participants made up the majority of samples in both groups A and B (54.2 and 60.4%). The use of earplugs significantly reduced the quality of sleep disturbance domain in both groups A and B (P=0.0001 and P=0.021, respectively), and the supplementary sleep domain in group A (P=0.027). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean change in overall sleep quality score and its domains within the two nights. Finally, the GEE-based regression test based on controlling the individual and social and disease-associated factors indicates the effect of use of earplugs in reducing the quality of sleep (B=3.1 and P=0.0001) and its domains, including sleep disturbance (B=-5.59 and P=0.021), supplementary sleep (B=3.33 and P=0.0001) and sleep effectiveness (B=-1.43 and P=0.027). Conclusion: The negative effects of using earplugs on overall sleep quality and its domains in this study highlights the need to carry out further researches in order to find an effective method to improve sleep quality in CCU patients.}, Keywords = {Ear Protective Devices, Sleep, Inpatients, Coronary Care Units}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {93-100}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.93}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-969-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-969-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Farrokhmanesh, Mandana and MokhtariLakeh, Nasrin and Asiri, Shahla and KazemNezhadLeyli, Ehsan and Ghaemi, Alireza and Afzali, Siamak}, title = {A Comparative Effect of Child-to-Child and Health Educator to-Child Teaching Approaches on Nutritional Status in Elementary School Students}, abstract ={Introduction: Nutritional problems are one of the most important health issues among school-aged children, and modification of the nutritional status in children is as well important. Objective: Present study aims to determine the effectiveness of child to child teaching approach as compared to educator to child teaching approach on promotion of nutritional status of elementary school students in Rasht city in 2014-15. Materials and Methods: This is an educational trial study. Samples were chosen by random-cluster sampling model through which 452 students aging 9-11 years were selected from third, fourth and fifth grades from elementary schools of different districts of Rasht. Tools consisted of demographic questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (checklist) with 54 items on snacks. From 452 students, 188 students with unfavorable frequency were divided into three groups; 62 students in child-to-child group, 68 students in health educator-to-child group and 58 students in control group. An educational package (including pamphlets, booklets and posters) was taught by researcher on food pyramid, healthy and unhealthy snacks using role play and fruit festival conducted in three sessions each lasting 30 minutes for three level elementary students and health educators. Of course the control group received no intervention. Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi Square, Mann Whiteny ans Kruskal Wallis tests. Results: The differences of mean in score changes before and after education in child to child group was more effective than educator to child teaching group (P=0.001). Based on food frequency score obtained on nutritional status after teaching, the health educator to child group performed better than other groups (P=0.014). Conclusion: Study findings indicated that child to child teaching was close to the performance of health educators in relation to promotion of nutritional status and favorable food frequency. Therefore in attention to potential ability of children in teaching, they can improve school health programs along with educator to child teaching approach.  }, Keywords = {Health education, Nutritional status, Students}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {101-108}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.101}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-970-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-970-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {GhaffariSardasht, Fatemeh and JahaniShourab, Nahid and Jafarnejad, Farzaneh and Esmaily, Habibollah}, title = {Communication Skills of Health Personnel During Reproductive Ages in Pre-Conception Care}, abstract ={Introduction: Suitable communication skills in pre-delivery cares are important due to the effect on the extent of anxiety and to better understand the training given. Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of determining the communication skills of health personnel during delivery of pre prenatal care. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study with analytical type was performed in 2012 and 2013 on 360 women who had visited healthcare centers in Mashhad to receive pre prenatal care along with 39 healthcare providers employed in these centers. The sampling was performed as multistage. The data collection instrument included the questionnaire of the characteristics of healthcare providers and research units as well as the checklist of assessing care based on Donabedian model. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical indices as well as Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman statistical tests. Results: The results indicated that the communication skills of the personnel are of medium level. The minimum skill of the health personnel was observed in preserving the privacy of the service receivers. Other results also indicated that there is a significant relationship between the personnel’s attitude toward necessity of prenatal cares (P=0.001) and their background in the plan of integrated cares for mothers (P=0.024). Conclusion: Based on the results, the minimum skill of health personnel was in preserving the privacy of the service receivers, so holding courses for communication skills is recommended for the health personnel.  }, Keywords = {Communication, Health personnel, Mothers, Pre-Natal Cares}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {109-114}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.109}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-971-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-971-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Kamalifard, Mahin and BayatiPayan, Somayeh and Panahi, Samira and Hasanpoor, Shirin and BabapourKheiroddin, Jalil}, title = {Paternal Postpartum Depression and Its Relationship With Maternal Postpartum Depression}, abstract ={Introduction: Evidence shows that some men suffer from Postpartum Depression (PPD), and that the adverse effects of this unknown phenomenon affect them and their family. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine paternal PPD and its relationship with some factors, especially maternal PPD. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 205 couples who were selected using a random cluster sampling in seven health centers affiliated to the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences six to 12 weeks after childbirth. Data was collected from fathers using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a demographic questionnaire. The Edinburgh questionnaire was also used for the mothers. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and the Pearson correlation as well as the Chi-square and linear regression. Results: A total of 11.7% of the fathers had depression symptoms. There was a significant and direct correlation between the paternal and maternal PPD scores (r=0.29, P=0.001). Among the sociodemographic and fertility factors, there was a significant relationship only between a family’s livelihood situation, the number of abortions and the number of pregnancies with the parental depression scores (P=0.05). In the regression analysis, maternal PPD (ß=0.22) and the family’s livelihood situation (ß=0.44) predicted paternal depression (P=0.001). This model totally explained about 30% of the changes in paternal PPD (R2=0.298). Conclusion: Considering the significant frequency of depression in fathers and the role of maternal depression as well as the family’s livelihood situation, it is recommended that evaluation should be carried out on paternal PPD and its risk factors in order to prevent and treat it in a timely manner}, Keywords = {Postpartum depression, Mothers, Family, Risk factors}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {115-120}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.115}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-972-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-972-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Pourkhani, Solmaz and Chehrzad, Minoo Mitra and RezaMasouleh, Shadman and KazemNezhadLeyli, Ehs}, title = {The Effect of Family-Based Care on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression of Mothers With Premature Infants}, abstract ={Introduction: Giving birth to a premature neonate and its hospitalization are a stressful incident for parents and can lead to feelings of disability, stress, and subsequent anxiety and depression, especially in the mothers of infants. One way to reduce these symptoms is to provide family-based care to mothers. Objective: The present study was undertaken to determine the impact of family-based care on the amount of stress, anxiety, and depression of mothers with premature newborns that were hospitalized in neonatal care units. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 80 mothers of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal care units of Medical Educational health centers in Rasht City, Iran were selected based on consecutive sampling method and grouped in control and intervention, each with 40 subjects. The intervention group was provided with family-based care and the control group received routine maternity care. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to measure and compare the effect of family-based care on the amount and severity of stress, anxiety, and depression in mothers of both groups at three time points of initial care of the neonate, 4 days later, and during neonate’s discharge. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (such as independent t-test, Wilcoxon test, and the generalized linear model as generalized estimating equation method). Results: Our findings revealed no statistical difference in stress, anxiety, and depression between the control and intervention groups before the intervention; while the effect of family-based intervention on the severity of anxiety was significant (P=0.0001) between control and intervention group in such a way that the control group subjects were more anxious compared with the intervention group (95% CI=2.4-4.5). There was a statistically significant relationship between the effect of the family-based intervention and the stress scores (P=0.0001) so that the control group subjects had a higher stress level compared with their counterparts in the intervention group (95% CI=1.1-3.5). The effect of family-based care on the severity of depression was significant (P=0.0001) too, and the severity of depression in the control group was more than the intervention group (95% CI=0.84-2.5). Conclusion: Family-based care program is effective in improving problems and emotional issues of mothers hospitalized with premature newborns; emotional problems such as anxiety, stress, and depression.  }, Keywords = {Psychological stress, Anxiety, Depression, Patient care, Mothers}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {121-128}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.121}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-973-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-973-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Rafiee, Azar and MoradiGomyek, Hadis and Haghighizade, Mohamad Hosei}, title = {Self-Treatment During Pregnancy and Its Related Factors}, abstract ={Introduction: Increasing self-treatment is one of the most important problems in the health system most importantly during pregnancy. Objective: To determine the status of self-treatment and its related factors in pregnant women in Ahwaz. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study evaluates the status of self-treatment during pregnancy for 400 women who have gave birth in the educational hospitals in Ahwaz. The sampling method was convenient and the data was collected by interviews and the completion of questionnaires. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and logistic regression tests. Results: In this study, 25.8% of all the studied women underwent self-treatment. The most common causes included believing in the treatment of disease with medication alone, believing in the safety of medications, and the availability of medications at home. The educational level of the pregnant women (95% CI=0.92-5.43, β=2.24) and their place of residence (95% CI=0.249-0.866, β=0.46) were associated with the self-medication rate. Conclusion: Since one-fourth of the studied population underwent self-medication and with the common causes related to the availability and the belief in safety of medications, in order to raise the awareness of pregnant women and reduce the rate of self-treatment, which may lead to neonatal abnormalities, it is essential that healthcare providers and pharmacists educate pregnant women.  }, Keywords = {Self medication, Pregnant women, Pregnancy}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {129-135}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.129}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-974-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-974-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Rajabpoor, Mohammad and Zarifnejad, Gholam Hossein and Mohsenizadeh, Seyed Mostafa and Mazloum, Seyed Reza and Pourghaznein, Tayebeh and Mashmoul, Akram and Mohammad, Am}, title = {Barriers to the Implementation of Nursing Process From the Viewpoint of Faculty Members, Nursing Managers, Nurses, and Nursing Students}, abstract ={Introduction: The nursing process is defined as a standard of care; however, its implementation in actual clinical settings is very limited, which reduces the quality of care. Objective: To determine the barriers to the implementation of the nursing process from the viewpoint of the faculty members, nursing managers, nurses, and nursing students of the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in 2014 on 90 nursing lecturers and students of the Mashhad Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, and 134 nurses and nursing managers of the educational hospitals of the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The participants were selected by the convenient sampling method using a research-oriented questionnaire (validity and reliability confirmed) to investigate the barriers to the implementation of the nursing process. The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics (mean±SD, and absolute and relative frequencies), one-way ANOVA, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The most significant barrier to implementing the nursing process according to 90% of the lecturers was the lack of a checklist for recording the process in the medical records of the patients; according to 90% of the managers, it was the high number of patients under care of each nurse, and according to 90% of the nurses and 93.5% of the students, it was the lack of a principal training of the nursing process during their studentship. There was a significant difference in the views of the four groups (P=0.03). Conclusion: The health system authorities of the country should make changes in the clinical and educational areas, such as including a nursing process record sheet in the medical records of the patients, getting advice and assistance from the experts in the field of nursing education and technology, and facilitating the implementation of the nursing process in the clinical field.  }, Keywords = {Nursing process, Hospital nursing staff, Nursing faculty, Nursing students}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {137-142}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.137}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-975-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-975-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Sobhani, Seyda and Niknami, Maryam and Mirhaghjou, Seyedeh Noshaz and AtrkarRoshan, Zahr}, title = {Domestic Violence and its Maternal and Fetal Consequences Among Pregnant Women}, abstract ={Introduction: Domestic violence is a global phenomenon which during pregnancy, not only affect mother’s health, but can also directly or indirectly have an abusive effect on fetus’s health. Objective: The objective of the present study is to determine the relationship between domestic violence during pregnancy with its consequences on pregnant women referring to public maternity hospitals of Rasht City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study of the descriptive analytical type, conducted on 402 pregnant women who referred to the state-owned maternity hospitals of Rasht City for childbirth in 2014. In this research, the study samples were collected through the convenient sampling method. Data collection tools were a questionnaire comprising of three parts; demographic information, WHO domestic violence during pregnancy questionnaire, and consequences in pregnancy, which were completed through interview with mothers. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed, through descriptive and inferential statistics conducted through the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: Findings showed that 48.5% of pregnant women during their pregnancy had been subjected to domestic violence (the majority was emotional violence with 45.5% prevalence) by their spouses, and all aspects of violence have been reported with mild intensity. On determining the association between the experience of domestic violence during pregnancy and its effects on pregnancy, the Chi-square statistical test revealed statistically significant relationship between domestic violence and delivery method i.e., cesarean section (P=0.0001), vaginal bleeding (P=0.001), preterm labor (P=0.041), premature rupture of embryonic membranes (P=0.044) and low birth weight of neonates (˂2500 g) (P<0.0001). In the final model, of the main variables of the research, the emotional violence (OR=1.064, 95% CI=1.007-1.125, P=0.026) was the predictor of maternal and neonatal complications. Conclusion: Approximately, half of the women under the study were subject of domestic violence during their pregnancy, and considering its connection with the risk of maternal and neonatal complications, it is recommended that the proper interventions be planned to reduce domestic violence and its adverse consequences in pregnancy.  }, Keywords = {Domestic violence, Pregnant women, Pregnancy}, volume = {28}, Number = {2}, pages = {143-149}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.29252/hnmj.28.2.143}, url = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-976-en.html}, eprint = {http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-976-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery}, issn = {2588-3712}, eissn = {}, year = {2018} }