Background: Uterine Leiomyoma is the most common benign pelvic tumors. There are different ‎and controversial reports on its frequency and related risk factors.‎

 Objective: This study aims to determine the frequency of uterine fibroids in women who had ‎hysterectomy and surveyed related risk factors in two groups of women with and without fibroids.‎

Methods: This descriptive retrospective study was conducted on all women who had hysterectomy ‎from November ‎‏1385‏until March ‎‏1386‏‎.in Al-Zahra Educational Center in northern city in Iran and ‎also had a pathology report on their medical charts. Demographic data such as age, parity, ‎menstrual condition, history of infertility and hypertension, diabetes, use of OCP were collected ‎from medical charts and data were compared and analyzed in two groups of women with and ‎without fibroids.

‎ Results: Based on pathological report from ‎‏267‏‎ women who had hysterectomy, ‎‏56.9%‏‎ had uterine ‎fibroids and ‎‏43.1%‏‎ didn't have fibroids. According to multiple logistic tests, there was a positive ‎relation between AUB, menstruation duration disorder, history of infertility and risk of uterine ‎fibroids. But there was an inverse relation between history of OCP use, parity, age and risk of ‎fibroids.

 ‎ Conclusion: In attention to study results which indicated a positive relation between AUB, ‎menstrual cycle length disorder and fibroids and an inverse relation with use of OCP, for prevention ‎of fibroids, use of OCP, treatment of menstrual disorder and AUB in high risk women can be ‎effective . Knowledge of these factors may be the Key to proper understanding of the real causes of ‎these tumors and prevention measures of Hysterectomy. ‎