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Highlights
Highlights
● Metabolic syndrome is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance or disruption of insulin metabolism, and lipid disorders (increased triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein).
● Self-care behaviors in patients with metabolic syndrome is a set of behaviors such as healthy nutrition, exercise, using the medicine, etc.
● Literacy may affect self-care behaviors.
● Most of the studied samples had adequate and high health literacy.
● Health literacy behavior was the predictor of self-care behavior in four areas of medication, diet, smoking, and weight control.
Plain Language Summary
Metabolic syndrome comprises a set of risk factors such as high blood pressure, high level of fasting blood glucose, abdominal obesity, and a high level of blood lipids. These risk factors increase the risk of catching cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and eventually, the mortality rate. Self-care behaviors as the cornerstone of long-term management of this syndrome include defined practices such as healthy diet, doing exercise, and using the medication. Health literacy is one of the active factors in increasing the level of people’s knowledge in receiving the correct and authentic information from different sources to recognize their situation and self-care programs. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between health literacy and adherence to self-care behaviors in 184 patients with metabolic syndrome in Rasht City, Iran. According to the findings, the highest adherence in self-care behaviors pertained to avoiding alcohol and cigarettes, and the lowest to observing diet and exercise. Health literacy of most samples was in an adequate and high level. Decision-making and behavior dimension of health literacy had the most predicting ability in self-care behaviors, which indicates the effect of patients’ involving in making joint therapeutic decisions to improve self-care behaviors.